In the field of solar photovoltaic, double-sided double-glass n-type monocrystalline solar photovoltaic module has become one of the key technologies to promote the development of clean energy with its high efficiency and weather resistance. Among them, the temperature coefficient, as a core indicator to measure the performance of the module, has a significant impact on the actual power generation.
The temperature coefficient refers to the ratio of the output power of the photovoltaic module to the temperature change, usually expressed as a percentage per degree Celsius (%/℃). For double-sided double-glass N-type monocrystalline modules, the temperature coefficient is generally -0.30% to -0.38%/℃, which means that for every 1℃ increase in temperature, the output power of the module will decrease by 0.30% to 0.38% accordingly. This characteristic originates from the physical properties of semiconductor materials: the increase in temperature will lead to a decrease in carrier mobility, thereby reducing the photoelectric conversion efficiency.
In practical applications, the operating temperature of double-sided double-glass n-type monocrystalline solar photovoltaic module is often higher than 25℃ under standard test conditions (STC). For example, in high-temperature areas in summer, the surface temperature of the module may reach above 60℃. If the temperature coefficient of N-type modules is -0.32%/℃, the output power will attenuate by 0.32% for every 1℃ increase in temperature. Assuming that the actual operating temperature is 20℃ higher than the STC condition, the power attenuation can reach 6.4% (20℃×0.32%/℃). This attenuation directly leads to a decrease in power generation, affecting the economic benefits of the power station.
The double-sided double-glass structure enables the module to generate electricity using the reflected light from the back, forming a "temperature-power generation" compensation mechanism. Although the power attenuation on the front side is caused by high temperature, the back side can still maintain power generation by receiving the reflected light from the ground. For example, in snowy or high-reflectivity ground scenes, the power generation on the back side can be increased by 10% to 30%, partially offsetting the attenuation on the front side. This feature makes the power generation loss of N-type double-glass modules lower than that of traditional monocrystalline modules in high temperature environments.
Double-sided double-glass n-type monocrystalline solar photovoltaic module Double-sided double-glass modules use glass packaging, and their thermal conductivity is better than that of traditional backplane packaging. Experimental data show that the operating temperature of N-type double-glass modules is 4℃ to 9℃ lower than that of single-glass modules. Calculated at a temperature coefficient of -0.32%/℃, this temperature difference can reduce power generation losses by 1.28% to 2.88% (4℃×0.32%/℃ to 9℃×0.32%/℃). The heat dissipation advantage significantly extends the efficient power generation time of the components in high temperature environments.
Based on long-term monitoring data, the annual power generation gain of N-type double-glass components can reach 5% to 10%. Taking a 50MW photovoltaic power station as an example, if N-type double-glass components are used instead of P-type components, the annual power generation can be increased by about 2.5 million to 5 million kWh in areas with an average annual temperature of 35℃. This gain comes directly from the synergistic effect of temperature coefficient optimization and bifacial power generation characteristics.
With the advancement of N-type TOPCon technology, the temperature coefficient of components has been optimized to -0.29%/℃. For example, the temperature coefficient of Trina Solar's N-type 710W double-glass component is -0.29%/℃, which is 0.03%/℃ lower than that of earlier products. This improvement further reduces the power attenuation of the module in high temperature environment by 0.6% (20℃×0.03%/℃), significantly improving the power generation efficiency.
By optimizing the system design, the impact of the temperature coefficient on the power generation can be reduced. For example, the use of a larger spacing module layout can improve the utilization rate of the back reflected light, and the combination of an intelligent tracking system can reduce the temperature fluctuation caused by the change in the angle of the module receiving light. In addition, the selection of ground materials with higher reflectivity (such as white sandstone) can enhance the back power generation and further offset the temperature attenuation.
The temperature coefficient of the double-sided double-glass n-type monocrystalline solar photovoltaic module has a significant impact on its actual power generation, but this impact can be effectively controlled through technical optimization and system design innovation. Its low temperature coefficient, double-sided power generation characteristics and heat dissipation advantages together constitute the power generation guarantee in high temperature environments, providing a reliable solution for the efficient use of clean energy.
